Pediatric Anesthesia: The Requisites (Requisites in Anesthesia) Book

I. Physiology & Pharmacology of the Normal Child This chapter will review the normal physiology of all the major organ systems with an emphasis on factors that affect the administration of anesthesia and differences from adults. Temperature control will be covered in this chapter. This chapter will also review basic pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic processes and emphasize differences from adults. II. Important Pediatric Diseases This chapter will be divided into the major organ systems and cover the more common and important pediatric diseases that are important for anesthesiologists. Examples: Pulmonary: asthma, cystic fibrosis, upper respiratory tract infection, laryngomalacia, etc. Cardiac: evaluation of murmurs, cyanotic congenital heart disease, acyanotic CHD, common pediatric arrhythmias, etc. Renal: chronic renal failure, child with a transplanted kidney, etc. CNS: seizures, brain tumors, cerebral palsy, mental retardation, etc. Heme/Onc: anemia, leukemia, chemotherapy, mediastinal mass, hemophilia, sickle cell disease, etc. Trauma: CNS, truncal, limb, etc. Airway syndromes: Treacher-Collins, Goldenhars, cystic hygroma, etc. Miscellaneous: Trisomy 21, epidermolysis bullosa, etc. III. Preoperative Considerations This chapter will discuss principles of premedication, psychological preparation, parents in the OR, appropriate preoperative labs, & principles of preoperative fasting. IV. Intraoperative Monitoring & Management This chapter will discuss monitors, airway equipment, and induction & maintenance of general anesthesia. V. Postoperative Concerns This chapter will discuss routine care and monitoring of pediatric patients postoperatively. It will include controversies about discharge criteria, postoperative pain management, and common complications such as nausea/vomiting and stridor. VI. Specialty Anesthesia This chapter will include specifics about managing common pediatric surgeries. It will be organized into subspecialty areas that will include: ENT, Cardiac, Ophtho, Ortho, Thoracic, Abdominal, Neonatal emergencies, Dentistry, Urology, Neurosurgery, Transplants, Radiological procedures, Radiation therapy, Endoscopy, and Sedation for painful procedures. VII. Critical Care This chapter will introduce the resident to the essentials of pediatric critical care. Since the ABA does not require too much knowledge in this area, this chapter will not be very detailed, but will include principles of resuscitation (PALS & NALS). VIII. Acute & Chronic Pain Management This chapter will briefly review principles of acute and chronic pain management in children. Case Studies At the end of each chapter there will be one to three case studies that are related to the chapter content. These can be contained within the gray boxes, or the gray boxes can be reserved for more traditional lists, or tables. Each case study will consist of a case and several questions to be answered about the case. The answers can either be listed directly below the questions, or preferably, further down so the reader can formulate their own answer first. The case study will ideally describe a controversial issue. Example of case study from the Postoperative Concerns chapter: A 3-month-old child presents for inguinal hernia repair. The child was born at 25 weeks gestation, and was ventilated for the first three weeks of life. Ongoing medical problems include anemia, and chronic lung disease of infancy. Question 1. What are the common medical problems in former premature infants? Question 2. What is the safe level of hemoglobin prior to anesthetizing this infant? Question 3. What's the safest method of anesthesia for this infant? Question 4. What criteria should be used to safely discharge this infant home following surgery? Etc.Read More